La Petite Mort Motifs Of Sexuality And Death - 1308 Words

As a piece of choreography, â€Å"La Petite Mort† expresses the motifs of sexuality and death through the contrasts between levels of energy, confidence, and elevation. Translating directly from French to â€Å"little death†, the phrase â€Å"petite mort† also serves as a French idiom representing sexual climax. The comparison of the supposed pleasure of a sexual act, and act associated with creation, with death evokes strong emotions for both dancers and audience members alike. The piece runs for approximately seventeen minutes and consists of twelve dancers, six males and six females, and a wide array of symbolic props, including swords (foils), dresses that stand without support, and more. The tension and lack thereof between dancers and between a dancer and his or her prop can be felt palpably by the audience. Between sections of the piece, the male dancers carry an enormous cloth which glides through the air gracefully like a scarf, and the lights dim, creating a sense of mystery which is consistent with the feelings of the audience in trying to figure out how to deal with these two conflicting ideas. Jiri Kylian was born in 1947 in Czechoslovakia to a dancer and a banker. He began his training in ballet at the School of National Ballet Prague at the age of nine, and soon after was accepted to the Prague Conservatory, where he first began experimenting with choreography. In 1967, the Royal Ballet School offered him a scholarship, and which led him to his future mentor, John

Essay on Simulation Review Hcs/405 - 1236 Words

Simulation Review Janette E. Guevara HCS/405 August 26, 2013 Todd Brown Simulation Review I have been brought in as a financial advisor to assist Mr. Gilbert Sanchez, CEO at Elijah Heart Hospital (EHC) to find some cost efficient ways to continue to provide quality care but at the same time reduce costs for the organization. EHC is a hospital that specializes in Cardiac surgeries and procedures. They would like to expand and have a promising growth in patients as well as revenue, but with the decrease in reimbursements from their primary sources of revenue, new strategies to save money are a much needed organization-wide goal. Mr. Sanchez has enlisted the help of my firm, Huber amp; Guizot to help find a good financial plan and†¦show more content†¦These employees can take care of the simpler tasks that way the nurses and physicians can spend their time with patient care. They will be trained to do tasks such as vital signs, feeding, moving, and bathing patients. By implementing these cost-cutting strategies we have surpassed our original savin gs goal by $61,249. Our actual savings is $811,249 in the first quarter. To solve the current cash flow at EHC I have chosen loan option one (1). This loan has a slightly higher interest rate then Option two (2) but there is no early pay off penalties. The loan amount is $1,500,000 with an interest rate of 9.45%. This debt will be paid off in the next six months and the organization will pay just under $33,000 in interest. I have chosen the correct and most effective cost-cutting measures for EHC. In the second phase Mr. Sanchez has decided to obtain some new equipment to provide better medical care and offer more services in within the organization. This will increase reimbursements from payors, as well as save our patients time and stress from having to go to different facilities for imaging studies. Mr. Sanchez has decided to get a Computerized Tomography machine (CT scan), an X-ray machine, and also an Ultrasound machine. It is up to me to decide whether it is in the organizati ons best interest to lease, purchase or buy refurbished. I have chosen to purchase the high-speed CT scanner on a capital lease. I chose this option because I thought thisShow MoreRelatedHcs 405 Simulation Review Essay1282 Words   |  6 PagesSimulation Review Essay Macy Skalski HCS/405 Health Care Financial Accounting University of Phoenix- AXIA Instructor Sherida Douglass November 19, 2012 Simulation Review Essay The Elijah Heart Center is facing the financial distress common in specialized health care organizations. This is the combination of the need for improved technology, a reduced income, and the demand for expansion. 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Engineering Drawing Essay Thesis Example For Students

Engineering Drawing Essay Thesis Engineering Drawing k Is the language of engineers and technicians. The accuracy and neatness of engineering drawing depends on the quality of the instruments used. With good instruments, the drawing can be prepared easily, quickly and accurately. Therefore, the knowledge of different drawing instruments and materials, methods of using them and the preparatory works to be completed before commencing the drawing is very important. Else Of Engineering Instruments 1. Drawing Board . A drawing board with its working surface upward. Else as a base for drafting on paper . Drawing Sheet The drawing is frequently made in pencil on the drawing sheet. 3. Drawing Pencil Neatness, quality and accuracy of the drawing greatly depends upon the type and conditions of the pencil used for drawing. 4. Drawing Clips Or Pins Drawing clips or pins are used to fix the drawing sheet on the drawing board at the required place. Clips are used at all the four corners of the drawing board to clamp the paper _ Adhesive tapes are also used for fixing the drawing sheet. 5. Eraser Eraser is used to remove the extra lines, lines,marks drawn by stake and to clear soiled spots on the drawing. . Erasing Shield It is a thin metal or plastic plate cut vita slots, circles and curves of different dimensions. It helps to erase unwanted pencil lines Without erasing the surrounding lines. 7. T- Square It is composed Off long strip called blade, Which is screwed rigidly at right angle to a shorter piece called head or stock. T- Square is used for making horizontal, vertical, incline d or parallel lines on the drawing sheet. 8. Set-Squares . Set-squares are made of transparent plastic and are available n the shape of triangles, having a French curve or simply a gap cut in the body. These are used for drawing short straight lines, measuring and drawing certain angles. 9. Large Size Compass The compass is used for drawing circles and arcs, 10. Small Boob Compass Small bow compass is conveniently used for drawing circles and arcs of small diameters. II, r-ranch Curves French curves are used to draw irregular curved lines, which can not be drawn with a compass. 12. Large Size Divider used to divide straight or curved lines into desired umber Of equal parts, set Off distances from the scale to the drawings transfer measurements from one part of the drawing to another. 3. Small Bow Divider The small bow divider is adjusted by a nut and is very convenient for marking minute divisions and large number Of short equal distances. Scales 14. Scales is a tool for measuring distances and transferring measurements at a fixed ratio of length. 15. Protractors used for drawing any desired angle. 16. Mini Drafter Its an instrument used to draw geometrical shapes and usur ies With great precision, It does not require any other instrument like scale, set squares or compass. Proper care of Engineering Instruments 1. Pencil a. Never sharpen the pencil over the drawing or close to any of your b. Always keep the lead sharp. Equipment. 2. T-square, triangles and Greene curves a. Do not use the T-square for any rough purposes. B. Never cut paper along its working edge, since the plastics can easily be damaged. Even light nick can ruin the T-square. 3. Ruler or scale a. Scales should not be pricked With needle points Of either the divider or mommas when measurements are taken. B. Do not use scale as a ruler. 4. Speedwell pens and lettering pens a. .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 , .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .postImageUrl , .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 , .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54:hover , .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54:visited , .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54:active { border:0!important; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54:active , .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54 .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua7045a0aaac9c339060793a4d2ecbb54:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How to Create a Figure Drawing EssayAfter using, clean the speed bullpen by wiping-off or scraping the ink on it with clean cloth, which is a little wet or you may use blade for scrapping. B. Lettering pens, like technical pens, should be clean at once with clean water and soap. Wipe it off with clean cloth. S. Dividers and compasses a. Do not oil the joints of the legs of the dividers. B. Do not use the divider as substitute for thumbtacks in fastening the drawing paper on the drawing board or table top. . The needle points must be sharp and of equal length. . Drawing paper a. It should be stored in rolled for, b. It should not be crumpled or wet or kept in a moist or col d place. C. Oslo papers or bond papers must be kept in a large envelope. I, Masking tape or scotch tape, eraser and erasing shield a. Should be kept together with other supplies to avoid losing it. 8. Drawing board or drawing tape a. It should always be in good (drawing) working condition. B. It must always be clean on or before using. C. Do not leave any kind of marks on your board to retain its smoothness.

Milk and Supermarkets free essay sample

Introduction In recent years, the relationship between supermarkets with UK farmers that called oligopsony is a heated topic in the society. Some people hold the view that the advantages of oligopsony overweigh those disadvantages. Nevertheless, others believed that it is one way that UK farmers controlled by the supermarkets. It is natural that people come from different backgrounds will have various attitudes to the same issue. In the report, the advantages and disadvantages of oligopsony for both supermarkets and UK farmers are discussed. In addition, nowadays the supermarkets in the UK in order to increase the profit, they use different types of marketing methods. Such as intense price competition, loyalty schemes and provides non-food products and service. The smaller retailers were influence by those marketing methods also reported as follows. 1. 0 Oligopsony Oligopsony is â€Å"similar to an oligopoly (few sellers), this is a market in which there are only a few large buyers for a product or service. We will write a custom essay sample on Milk and Supermarkets or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This allows the buyers to exert a great deal of control over the sellers and can effectively drive down prices. (www. investopedia. com A good example of an oligopsony would be the UK supermarket industry, in which a small number of large buyers (such as Asda, Tesco, and Sainsbury’s) control the UK farm market. Such control allows these supermarkets chains to dictate the price they pay to farmers. 1. 1 The effect on supermarkets According to the BBC news (http://news. bbc. co. uk), Tesco account the UK supermarkets share is 31. 6%, Asda took over 17% in the UK supermarkets share, which is ranked second. The third biggest one is Sainsbury’s, which accounted 15. %. (Appendix 1) The total percent of big three supermarkets took over more than 50% in all the UK supermarket industry. These supermarkets owned market power in two ways which are selling to consumers (oligopoly power) and buying from producers (oligopsony power). in another words, It means that the few firms hav e considerable market power in paying low price for inputs and makes it more difficult for the farmers to make a profit. For example, a big supermarket could contract with a dairy producer that the big one will buy all of product. The farmer agreed with the contract and started to supply the dairy to the big supermarket. Nevertheless, maybe the supermarket pay less and less later, and the farmer just can accepted lower price because the farmer produce too much dairy to supply to the big supermarket and it is not too easy to find a new buyers. Farmers who produced milk, vegetables, or other agricultural products have limited choice range, because in the UK, most of agricultural goods are bought by the big supermarkets. Oligposony gives the big supermarkets bargaining power in use lower prices with farmers. In this relationship, the big supermarkets have the absolute advantages over the farmers. They can made it possible that lower the price of agricultural goods, so that these supermarkets can give a reasonable price for the customers which will help the big supermarkets improve the competition with others competitors. In addition, they also can ask the special requirements for the product quality, the farmers are controlled and forced to accept a lower price of their product. 1. 2 The effect on the farmers Oligopsony this relationship between supermarkets with UK farmers is ensures the agricultural goods can sell to the big supermarkets. Famers have the fixed buyers so they are need not worry about to find new buyers. However, due to most agricultural goods are bought by big supermarkets, the farmers have less choice. Famers used to have some bargaining power on the basis of seasonality. Because there are other competitors, they do not know what price has been offered by other producers and this forced them to offer their produce at a low price to ensure a sale. Especially the perishable foods. The supermarkets â€Å"dictate not only how much they will pay, but also how the produce will be packaged, stored and delivered. †(www. corporatewatch. com) â€Å"The small number of companies dominating both dairy processing (currently six processors control 93% of the industry) and retailing (six supermarkets control 65% of liquid milk and 70-85% of dairy produce sales) means that there is a significant imbalance of market power in the UK dairy sector.. †(â€Å"Supermarkets under fire†, February, 2003). It is easy to know that supermarkets have power in dairy industry in the UK. Though supermarkets have brought buying power to the dairy farmers, however, the big supermarkets in order to increased their power in the dairy sector, they developed own brand milk products. Since 1995, the price of fresh milk has declined; supermarkets have maintained their selling price and increased their profits at expense of both farmers and consumers over the same period. (Appendix 2) â€Å"The National Farmers’ Union has been particularly concerned about the plight of the UK’s dairy farmers. They claim that of the ? 1. 70 which a supermarket customer may pay for two liters of milk, less than 50p will go to the farmers. (http://www. anformeresources. com) Charles Peers who are an Oxford shire organic farmer, he has said â€Å"There are two hundred thousand farmers, dealing with, basically speaking, three supermarkets, two grain merchants, four fertiliser companies. Not a chance†¦.. They’ve got power, real power. † From these, we can seen that oligopsony made it is possible that the farmers are forced to accepted a low price to sell their products, and the big supermarkets such as Tesco, Asda or Sainsbury’s are have the power in the UK market. 2. 0 How the supermarket to boost profits In the past 40 years, the small independent shops shifted to huge supermarket chains. â€Å"In 1960 small independent retailers had a 60% share of the food retail market. By 2000, their share was reduced to 6% while the multiples share increased to 88%. †(Institute of Grocery Distribution, Grocery Retailing 2002) Andrew Simms, who works for the New Economics Foundation, says that: â€Å"we are witnessing the death of small and independent retailers and new retail feudalism is emerging as a handful of brands take over our shopping. † (http://www. corporatewatch. org. k) Though the supermarkets have the market power in the UK, as a business organization, how to increase the profit is the first thing should be considered. In recent years, the huge supermarket chains use various types of marketing methods to increase the profit and the loyalty. Such price competition, loyalty schemes and provide non-food products and service. Supermarkets use various ways to convey price in formation to consumers, The price promotions including price reduction, a percentage discount, a voucher. In 2009, there was a new price war among the big supermarkets in the UK. Tesco planned to launch a new advertising campaign, which will â€Å"compare the cost of customers baskets of shopping against the prices of its competitors. †(http://www. belfasttelegraph. co. uk) Asda has already hold a new wave of discount on thousands of products that including fresh food and household products. And â€Å"100 frozen food products and 200 everyday health and beauty lines, such as shampoo and deodorant, would be sold for ? 1. †(http://www. belfasttelegraph. co. uk) Andy Bond, the retailer’s president and chief executive officer, said: â€Å"2009 is going to be a very difficult year. Sainsbury’s, the third biggest supermarket in the UK, also joined the price war, â€Å"Vowing to grow its Basics range to more than 600 products by the end of January, The supermarket said more than half of these products would be priced at less than ? 1. †(http://www. belfasttelegraph. co. uk) Except the price war, some of the supermarkets in the UK also offer loyalty schemes to attracting potential consumers. Tesco is a good example, every time when they shopping in Tesco, they will get points according to how much they spend. Sometimes, Tesco also listed products that buy one can get 500 points more to increase the demand of this product. Every month, Tesco will sent voucher or coupons to the loyalty card member’s home. The more you spend, the more you get. Using loyalty schemes not only will attracting potential consumers especially female, but also it is a low cost way to know the customer’s lifestyle. When the customer registers the loyalty card, they should fulfill the personal details. Tesco will well know what is popular among the customer depend on these details. Since 1995, the major supermarkets in the UK start provide the non-food product and services such as pharmacies, clothes stores in Asda, petrol retailers, and banking and financial in Tesco. The effect on the supermarkets will be dramatic, especially due to the growing consumer propensity for the â€Å"one-stop† shop. Non-food products and services will help the big supermarkets increased the market share in the UK, and improve the competition itself. What is more, it is also function as reduce the risk of products, as the proverb said: â€Å"do not put all your eggs in one basket. It is means that for a supermarkets, non-food products and services will share the risk with food products. 2. 0 The effect on the smaller retailers

Tidal Energy essays

Tidal Energy essays Tidal energy is a type of energy that produces electricity and other forms of power through the use of water. The tides in places that naturally hold water, such as lakes and oceans, make the water able to produce this energy. This energy that causes the power is held in tidal waters. There is so much potential energy in the earth's oceans and other natural water containers that is not being used, but could be. (Tidal Energy) The method of using tidal energy for power dates back to the 11th century. In that century, mechanical energy was produced by having water run through a water wheel. The water wheel turned as a result of this, powering whatever was intended to be powered. In modern day, tidal energy is used to produce electricity through the rise and fall of the tides. This provides electricity for coastal areas. (Tidal Energy) The coastal areas are the only places where electricity may come from tidal energy, unfortunately. Just because the area is a coastal one does not mean the area's electricity can come from tidal energy. The first restriction is the area must have generally high tides. An ideal place for tidal energy to produce power is the Bay of Fundy in Atlantic Canada. The tides in the Bay of Fundy reach up to seventeen meters (these are the highest tides in the world). The tides must have at least a five meter difference between high and low tides. The higher the tides are, the more power will be produced, therefore, coastal areas with high tides are ideal so that there will be sufficient power for the area since tidal energy can only be produced twice a day, at high tide. (Tidal Energy) Another restriction for an area to be able to use tidal energy is the area must be financially able to afford this form of power. In the area that holds the water, a dam must be installed, as well as gates and turbines. Ideally, an area with a narrow opening is best for this so that less money will ...

Ch. Solutions Essay Example

Ch. Solutions Essay Example Ch. Solutions Paper Ch. Solutions Paper DADS uses one upload speed from the consumer to an ISP and a faster download peed. SODS uses equal bandwidths in both directions. 4 Among satellite, cable Internet, and DSL, which technology experiences more latency? Satellite 5. When using DSL to connect to the Internet, the data transmission shares the cabling with what other technology? Regular telephone 6. When using cable Internet, the data transmission shares the cabling with what other technology? Television 7. What is the name of the port used by an Ethernet cable? What is the name of the port used by a dial-up modem? ARC-45, ARC-II 8. If you want to upgrade your I Cobalt Ethernet network so that it will run bout 10 times the current speed, what technology would you use? Gigabit Ethernet or I Boasts 9. What is the maximum length off cable on a Bassett network? 100 meters or 328 feet 10. What does the 100 in the name Bassett indicate? The transmission speed of the network, which is 100 Mbps. 11. Which type of networking cable is more reliable, STEP or LIT? Which is used on Lana? STEP is more reliable, CITY is used on Lana 12. Which is more expensive, HTTP Cater cabling or STEP Cater cabling? STEP Cater is more expensive because it is shielded 13. When looking at a network cable that is not labeled. Scribe how you can tell if the cable is a straight-through cable or a crossover cable. Carefully examine the colors of the wires that you can see through the clear plastic RAJA connector. 14 What technology is used when power is transmitted on a network cable? Power over Ethernet (POE) 15. Describe the difference between a hub and a switch. A hub is a pass-through device that transmits all frames to all devices it is connected to except the device sending the frame. A switch is smarter and transmits frames only to the device to which the frame is addressed, or, if the MAC address table doesnt have a particular entry, the switch operates like a hub and sends the frame out to all devices except to the one sending the frame. 16, How is a wireless access point that is also a bridge more efficient in handling network traffic than a wireless access point that is not a bridge? Because the bridge limits the amount of traffic bet,even the two network segments. It allows only the traffic to pass that is destined for the other segment. 17. What type of cable uses an F connector? TV coax cable 18. Why does a ACTA cable have a plastic core? Which two types of cabling is commended for Gigabit Ethernet? TO keep the pairs Of demisted Wires separated which reduces crosstalk. CAT-e and ACTA 19. How many wires does a ACTA cable have? A Cater cable? A coaxial cable? Eight, eight, one 20. Which tool can you use to verify that a nonvoter port on a computer is good? Lubbock plug 21 After making a straight-through cable, which tool can you use to certify the cable? Cable tester 22. Which tool can help you find a network cable in the walls of a building? Toner probe 23, Which tool is used to fair-only attach a RAJA connector to a network cable? Crimper 4, Which tool can help you find out which wall jack connects to which port on a switch in an electrical closet? Lubbock plug 25, Name b,vow places where you might find a keystone ROSS jack in a building. In a patch panel in the network closet and in a RAJA wall jack 26. List the number assigned each pair and the color of each pair used in twisted-pair networking cables. Pair 1 is blue; pair 2 is orange; pair 3 is green, and pair 4 is brown. 27. What two standards are used to wire networking cables? 56TH and TABS 28 Of the two standards in Question 26, Which standard is the most common? Which is required for all U. S. Government installations? TABS, 56TH 29. Using either Of the two Wiring standards, What are the colors Of the two pairs used to send and/or receive data on a Bassett N.B.,fork? Green and orange 30. HOW many pairs Of Wires are crossed in a crossover cable that Will work on a Bassett network? On a Bassett network? Two pair, four pair 31. To prevent crosstalk in a keystone RAJA jack, what is the minimum length of wire that should be untwisted? H inch Thinking critically 1. Linda has been assigned the job of connecting five computers to a network. The room holding the five computers has three network jacks that connect to a switch in an electrical closet down the hallway. Linda decides to install a second switch in the room. The new switch has tour network ports. She uses one port to connect the switch to a wall jack, Novo she has five ports available (two wall jacks and three switch ports). While installing and configuring the Nice in the five computers, she discovers that the PCs connected to the two wall jacks work fine, but the three connected to the switch refuse to communicate with the network. What could be wrong and what should she try next? Answer: Try connecting one of the non-working computers to a wall jack. If that works, then the problem is the switch, the cable connecting the switch to the wall jack, or the wall jack the switch is using. First try installing the switch on a known-good jack. Then replace the cable to the switch; then replace the switch. 2. If a Gigabit Ethernet NICE is having a problem communicating with a Bassett switch that only supports half duplex, what steps can you take to manually set the NICE to the speed and duplex used by the switch? Which speed and duplex should you choose? GO to Device Manager and Open the properties box for the NICE. Click the Link Speed tab and select 100 Mbps Half Duplex. 3. You connect a computer to an RI-AS wall jack using a straight-through cable. When you first open the browser on the computer, you discover it does not have Internet access. Order the following Steps in the correct order to troubleshoot the problem. A. Use a Lubbock plug to verify the network port on the computer. B. Rewire the keystone R]45 wall jack. C. Use a Lubbock plug to verify the network port in the wall jack. D. Exchange the straight-through cable for a known good one. E.

The trend of agricultural expansion in the US South and its relation Research Paper

The trend of agricultural expansion in the US South and its relation to the slave movement from 1850 to 1860 - Research Paper Example This is critical since the agricultural items help individuals to acquire the energy that allows them to perform productively. The products especially cotton helps in improving trade and production of clothes that are basic needs (Mudlak 989). This means that agriculture contributed to the wellbeing of individuals in the southern state in the early years of 1860s in the United States. Agriculture is the economic backbone of a nation making it fundamental to embrace creative and innovative ideals. This enhances quality, quantity and effective processing of the produce to allow consumers to attain value. It is also critical to ensure that the agricultural produce exudes great nutritional value to boost an individual’s wellbeing. Nations that seek to develop vibrant economies as apparent in economic growth, expansion, developing an appropriate work force and healthy setting should upgrade agricultural practices. They should adopt the conventional farming practices that are technological driven. This increases the magnitude and quality of agricultural produce as evident in early days of 1860s in US. Poor understanding on how agricultural practices were enhanced in the southern part of US impedes growth in several settings. Poor knowledge has affected food safety and production of crops. Lack of knowledge hinders production of quality agricultural products with appropriate nutritional content (Boyer 2). This study equips various stakeholders with information on the expansion trends of agricultural production in the southern part of US in the period between 1850s - 1860s, and its relationship with slavery. The research allows people to understand the significance of agriculture to the economy and societal process. This is critical because agriculture contributes to food security, job creation, interdependence and development of effective health standards from 1860s. It played

Impact Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Impact Evaluation - Essay Example In social change, impact implies a long term effect on the society. Solorzano and Bank (2008, p.12), explain that the effect may be unintended, intended, negative or positive. A good impact evaluation must focus on the relevance of the intervention. To determine how relevant a program or project is, its objectives are assessed to determine if they are right or not. The SDSI strategy of Puntos de Encuentro’s main objective was to prevent more infection of HIV in Nicaragua. The intervention that the strategy employed in the case study is the use of the mass media and its communication programs to reach the community. This strategy is relevant to Puntos de Encuentro’s objective because it is through communication to the affected members of the society that that health education and general awareness to the society would be made possible. Deacon (2007) illustrates that in health programs, objectives such as the empowerment and promotion of societal rights on issues such as violence, reproduction, drug abuse and HIV are used to do an accurate impact evaluation of the effectiveness of such programs or projects. In addition, Bradshaw, Solorzano, and Bank (2006) emphasize that it is through the objectives of a project that its relevance is determined and therefore good impact evaluations must be able to assess whether a program for social change is relevant to the intended goal or not.

Drug and Alcohol Essay Example for Free

Drug and Alcohol Essay When students are I their senior year of high school, many look forward to graduation. They know that in a few months, they will be off to college and away from their parents. This means that they have all the freedom in the world and can do whatever they want when they want to do it. They meet friends while in college, and have fun. They begin to explore new things. Many finds a mate for the first time, party for the first time, or even drink for the first time. Alcohol drinking is a common activity across any campus, even though they are prohibited. Teens find any way to access alcohol. I will be exploring the negative effects of drinking alcohol on college students. Alcohol interferes with so much on students including preventing them from getting their education. I will research too see how can this problem be decreased. I know that it is impossible to stop underage college students from drinking, but there are ways to bring down the amount that do drink. I will tell on which occasions these teens do drink alcohol on campus. To my knowledge, I know that underge drinking is a widespread problem, and I know that I can find much information on the topic. Bibliography Negative consequences. (2011). Unpublished manuscript, Department of Health, Eastern Washington University, Retrieved from http://access.ewu.edu/Health-and-Wellness/Health-Education/Substance-Use-and-Abuse/Negative-Consequences.xml U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2002). What parents need to know about college drinking Department of Transportation. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2002). What peer educators and residential advisors need to know about college drinking (NIH Publication No. 02-5017)Department of Transportation.

fuctions of management Essay -- essays research papers

Out of the four topics I would say the first step in the four functions of management is organizing. Organizing The first step of organizing would be self-organizing and time management. Without self-organizing your team will not be organized and will start going to other places for leadership. Once the self-organizing is done then the manager can start organizing the team. Time management for your team should be a priority the team leader. The next step would be to develop a matrix and a chain of command. A clear chain of command will help organize the team. In my opinion Planning is the second step. Without proper planning the team or workers will start making their own plans and those plans may not be want the manager wants. Planning. While I was in the Navy I taught the people that worked for me that proper planning prevents poor performance. So Planning is an important step in management and leadership. A successful manager needs to have skill in setting objectives, goals and strategies. There are plenty of software tool that a manager can use. In the Navy we used what was called PMS boards. Today I use Lotus Notes and MS Outlook to schedule tasks for myself. Once the Organization and planning is set. Leadership has to be determined and set. Without strong leadership the team will not survive and the manager will be replaced when deadlines fail, or milestones are not met. Leading. Some leaders have a natural leadership styles while others are taught leadership th...

Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness

â€Å"Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness† is the cornerstone of our nations Declaration of Independence. When considering this quote and identifying an individual or group of individuals who have continued to pursue this belief in the twentieth century and beyond, one must consider the name Cesar Chavez and the organization, The United Farm Workers, he was so instrumental in its formation, as being synonymous with this phrase. (U. S. Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776))Cesar Estrada Chavez was born March 31, 1927 on a small farm near Yuma, Arizona that his grandfather had homesteaded during the 1880's. Chavez was the second born of six children to Librado and Juana Chavez. At age 7 Cesar began school, but found it very difficult due to the fact that his family only spoke Spanish. Chavez preferred to learn from his uncles and grandparents who would read to him in Spanish and additionally he learned many things from his mother who believed that violence and selfis hness were wrong and stressed this with all her children.In the 1930's, at age 10, Chavez was forced to begin his life as a migrant farm worker when his father lost the land homesteaded by his grandfather during the Great Depression. These were bitterly poor times for the Chavez family and together with thousands of other displaced families, they migrated throughout the Southwestern United States, laboring in the fields and vineyards. Cesar in an effort to help support his parents and brothers and sisters dropped out of school after the eighth grade. (www. clnet. ucla. edu) At the age of 18, Chavez joined the U. S.Navy and served in the western Pacific front during the end of World War II. In 1948, Cesar married Helen Fabela, who he had met while working the vineyards in Delano, they later settled in the East San Jose barrio of Sal Si Puedes, where Chavez later authored a book entitled â€Å"Sal Si Puedes (Escape If You Can)†. Following his return from serving in the U. S. Na vy and his marriage to Helen, he returned to the fields as a migrant farm laborer, but he began to fight for change. That same year, 1948, Cesar took part in his first of many strikes in protest of low wages and poor working conditions.However, within several days the workers were forced back to the fields. In 1952, Chavez met Fred Ross, who was an organizer for a group known as the Community Service Organization (CSO), which was a barrio-based self-help group that was sponsored by a Chicago-based group which had been formed by Saul Alinsky called the Industrial Area Foundation. Chavez soon became a full-time organizer with CSO, coordinating and spearheading voter registration drives, battling racial and economic discrimination against Hispanic residents, and organizing new CSO chapters across California and Arizona.Chavez became the national director of CSO in the late 1950's and early 1960's, but his dream was to create an organization to help farm workers whose suffering he not o nly empathized with, but had shared and endured. After approximately 10 years of acting as the national director and continuing to organize Hispanic's throughout California and Arizona for the CSO, Chavez resigned his paid position, the first regular paying full-time job he had since being discharged from the Navy, as he was unable to convince the CSO to commit itself solely to farm worker organizing.Following his resignation he moved his wife and 8 children back to Delano, California where he became a full-time organizer of farm workers and founded the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) , and this newly founded organization grew rapidly. (www. clnet. ucla. edu) In 1965 the NFWA, headed by Chavez, began a boycott of grape growers in Delano, California, which lasted some 5 years. In 1966, during this boycott, Chavez led his followers on a 340 mile march to the state capitol in Sacramento, California to bring the plight of the farm workers to national attention.The march started with only 75 workers and supporters and the rally ended in Sacramento with over 10,000 people on the capitol steps. That same year Schenley Vineyards was the first grower to negotiate this nation's union contract with a farm union, the NFWA. In 1966, the NFWA merged with the mostly Filipino-American union, the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) to form the United Farm Workers (UFW). As the strike continued and the story of the farm workers became more widely known in the United States and around the world, many Americans rallied to their cause and joined the boycott of all table grapes produced in the U.S.. By 1970 more than 65 percent of California grape growers had negotiated and signed labor contracts with the UFW. Also, to avoid a similar UFW boycott, many of the Salinas Valley lettuce and vegetable growers signed labor contracts with the Teamsters Union. In response to this Chavez and the UFW called for a boycott of lettuce and more than 10,000 farm workers in Ca lifornia's Central Coast went on strike. In 1972, as the UFW membership continued to grow and increase in numbers, the UFW became the United Farm Workers of America, AFL-CIO.By 1979 the UFW had won pay increases for its members and had signed contracts with a significant number of growers of lettuce and other produce growing farms, and their membership grew to over 100,000. The UFW experienced numerous conflicts with the Teamsters Union which led to the murder of several UFW supporters. These events, coupled with the election, in California, of the Republican governor George Deukmejian whose administration supported the growers, led to many setbacks for the UFW movement as thousands of farm workers were fired, and their membership began to decline.From the mid 1980's through the early 1990's Chavez and the UFW continued their fight for improved conditions for farm workers. On April 23, 1993, Cesar Chavez died in his sleep at the home of a migrant farm worker in San Luis, Arizona. In commemoration of his life 35,000 mourners walked behind Chavez's casket during his funeral which was held 6 days after his death in Delano, California. In 1994, President Bill Clinton honored Cesar Chavez's fight for farm workers rights by awarding him the Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor.In his citation President Clinton praised Chavez for having â€Å"faced formidable, often violent opposition with dignity and nonviolence†. (www. ufw. org) Following his death, Chavez was succeeded as leader of the UFW by the veteran UFW organizer, Arturo S. Rodriguez. In 1994, in honor of Cesar Chavez, Rodriguez and his supporters retraced the steps of Chavez's historic march of 1966. By the time this commemorative march reached the steps of the state capitol in Sacramento it had amassed over 20,000 in UFW workers and supporters, thus marking the start of a new UFW campaign to unit, organize, and empower farm workers.This reinvigoration of the UFW movement has since si gned up more workers in California as well as Florida and the state of Washington. Since this rejuvenation of membership the UFW, in the early 21st century, has continued to fight for better wages, win better collective bargaining rights, and gain better housing and sanitation for its worker members as well as restrict the use of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and other dangerous pesticides which are commonly used by growers. Cesar Chavez, by his tenacity, drive, and personal efforts, left our world better than he found it, and his legacy inspires us still.He was for his own people, the farm worker, who labored in the fields and yearned for respect and self-sufficiency and who associated themselves and their hopes on this man who, with faith and discipline, soft spoken humility, and amazing inner strength, led a courageous life. Every day in California and in other states where farm workers are organizing, Cesar Chavez lives in their hearts and he lives wherever Americans far m workers, who he inspired, work nonviolently for social change. (www. ufw. org)

The Papaer Java Test Questions and Answers

Gaddis – Starting Out With Java 5 – From Control Structures to Objects Chapter 06 – A First Look At Classes Multiple Choice 1. One or more objects may be created from a(n)_____. a. field b. class c. method d. instance ANS: B 2. Class objects normally have _____ that perform useful operations on their data, but primitive variables do not. a. fields b. instances c. methods d. relationships ANS: C 3. In the cookie cutter method: Think of the _____ as a cookie cutter and _____ as the cookies. a. object; classes b. class; objects c. class; fields d. field; methods ANS: B 4. A UML diagram does not contain _____. . class name b. methods c. fields d. object names ANS: D 5. An access specifier indicates how the class may be accessed. a. True b. False ANS: A 6. Data hiding, which means that critical data stored inside the object is protected from code outside the object is accomplished in Java by _____. a. using the public access specifier on the class methods b. using the private access specifier on the class methods c. using the private access specifier on the class definition d. using the private access specifier on the class fields ANS: D 7. For the following code, which statement is not true? ublic class Sphere { private double radius; public double x; private double y; private double z; } a. x is available to code that is written outside the Sphere class. b. radius is not available to code written outside the Sphere class. c. radius, x, y, and z are called members of the Sphere class. d. z is available to code that is written outside the Sphere class. ANS: D 8. Which of the following is not part of the method header? a. Method name b. Return type c. Access specifier d. Parameter variable declaration e. All of the above are parts of the method header ANS: E 9.A method that stores a value in a class’s field or in some other way changes the value of a field is known as a mutator method. a. True b. False ANS: A 10. You should not define a cl ass field that is dependent upon the values of other class fields _____. a. in order to avoid having stale data b. because it is redundant c. because it should be defined in another class d. in order to keep it current ANS: A 11. The following UML diagram entry means _____ + setHeight(h : double) : void a. this is a public field called Height and is a double data type b. this is a private method with no parameters and returns a double data type c. his is a private field called Height and is a double data type d. this is a public method with a parameter of data type double and does not return a value ANS: D 12. Instance methods should be declared static. a. True b. False ANS: B 13. Methods that operate on an object’s fields are called a. instance variables b. instance methods c. public methods d. private methods ANS: B 14. The scope of a private instance field is a. the instance methods of the same class b. inside the class, but not inside any method c. inside the parentheses of a method header d. the method in which they are defined ANS: A 15.A constructor is a method that is automatically called when an object is created. a. True b. False ANS: A 16. A constructor a. always accepts two arguments b. has return type of void c. has the same name as the class d. always has an access specifier of private ANS: C 17. Shadowing is the term used to describe where the field name is hidden by the name of a local or parameter variable. a. True b. False ANS: A 18. Which of the following statements will create a reference, str, to the String, â€Å"Hello, World†? a. String str = â€Å"Hello, World†; b. string str = â€Å"Hello, World†; c. String str = new â€Å"Hello, World†; . str = â€Å"Hello, World†; ANS: A 19. Two or more methods in a class may have the same name as long as a. they have different return types b. they have different parameter lists c. they have different return types, but the same parameter list d. you cannot ha ve two methods with the same name ANS: B 20. Given the following code, what will be the value of finalAmount when it is displayed? public class Order { private int orderNum; private double orderAmount; private double orderDiscount; public Order(int orderNumber, double orderAmt, double orderDisc) { orderNum = orderNumber; orderAmount = orderAmt; rderDiscount = orderDisc; } } public class CustomerOrder { public static void main(String[] args) { int ordNum = 1234; double ordAmount = 580. 00; double discountPer = 0. 1; Order order; double finalAmount = order. orderAmount – order. orderAmount * order. orderDiscount; System. out. println(â€Å"Final order amount = $† + finalAmount); } } a. 528. 00 b. 580. 00 c. There is no value because the constructor has an error. d. There is no value because the object order has not been created. ANS: D 21. A class specifies the _____ and _____ that a particular type of object has. a. relationships; methods b. ields; object names c. field s; methods d. relationships; object names ANS: C 22. ____ refers to the combining of data and code into a single object. a. Data hiding b. Abstraction c. Object d. Encapsulation ANS: D 23. Another term for an object of a class is ____. a. access specifier b. instance c. member d. method ANS: B 24. In this book the general layout of a UML diagram is a box that is divided into three sections. The top section has the ____; the middle section holds ____; the bottom section holds ____. a. class name; fields; methods b. class name; object name; methods c. object name; fields; methods . object name; methods; fields ANS: A 25. The public access specifier for an field indicates that the field may not be accessed by statements outside the class. a. True b. False ANS: B 26. For the following code, which statement is not true? public class Circle { private double radius; public double x; private double y; } a. x is available to code that is written outside the Circle class. b. radius is not ava ilable to code written outside the Circle class. c. radius, x, and y are called members of the Circle class. d. y is available to code that is written outside the Circle class.ANS: D 27. It is common practice in object-oriented programming to make all of a class’s _____. a. methods private b. fields private c. fields public d. fields and methods public ANS: B 28. After the header, the body of the method appears inside a set of a. brackets, [] b. paretheses, () c. braces, {} d. double quotes, â€Å"† ANS: C 29. A method that gets a value from a class’s field but does not change it is known as a mutator method. a. True b. False ANS: B 30. In UML diagrams, a ____ indicates the member is private and a _____ indicates the member is public. a. *; / b. ; @ c. –; + d. (); : ANS: C 31. In a UML diagram to indicate the data type of a variable enter a. the variable name followed by the data type b. the variable name followed by a colon and the data type c. the class name followed by the variable name followed by the data type d. the data type followed by the variable name ANS: B 32. Instance methods do not have the key word static in their headers. a. True b. False ANS: A 33. When an object is created, the fields associated with the object are called a. instance fields b. instance methods c. fixed fields d. class instancesANS: A 34. A constructor is a method that a. returns an object of the class. b. never receives any arguments. c. with the name (class name). constructor. d. performs initialization or setup operations. ANS: D 35. The term â€Å"default constructor† is applied to any constructor that does not accept arguments. a. True b. False ANS: B 36. The scope of a public instance field is a. only the class in which it is defined b. inside the class, but not inside any method c. inside the parentheses of a method header d. the instance methods and methods outside the class ANS: D 37.When a local variable in an instance method has th e same name as an instance field, the instance field hides the local variable. a. True b. False ANS: B 38. Which of the following statements will create a reference, str, to the string, â€Å"Hello, world†? A. String str = new String(â€Å"Hello, World†); B. String str = â€Å"Hello, world†; a. A b. B c. A and B d. Neither A or B ANS: C 39. Overloading means multiple methods in the same class a. have the same name, but different return types b. have different names, but the same parameter list c. have the same name, but different parameter lists d. perform the same function ANS: C

Arthur Miller links to play The Crucible Essay Example

Arthur Miller links to play The Crucible Essay Example Arthur Miller links to play The Crucible Essay Arthur Miller links to play The Crucible Essay ob was to hunt down Communists and root them out. Many public figures?including actors and film directors?were brought before the committee and asked if they were Communists and to name anyone they thought was a Communist. If they refused to do so, they were presumed guilty. There is also a parallel to what was going on in the play, with the Salem Witch Trials?people who were presumed to be guilty of witchcraft were forced to confess. Mccarthy ensured that any actors/directors that were found guilty would never work in Hollywood again. There are still difficulties found when interpreting The Crucible as a strict allegorical representation of the sasss McCarthy. There were definitely Communists in sasss America, especially in the Massachusetts bay Area of New England where Salem would have been found, but there was no proof of any real witches or devil-worshipers?The Salem Witch Trials was Millers area of Study as an undergraduate when at the University of Michigan. The general outline of the play corresponds to the events of the Witch Trails of Salem in 1692. Parallels between Arthur Millers history and the novel: In 1956, Miller divorced his first wife Mary Clattery who he had two children with, and married Marilyn Monroe. Monroe was one of the most famous actresses in America and her love life was thrust onto every tabloid. Shortly after their marriage, Miller was called before the HUGH (House of Un-American Committee), which could have potentially ruined both his and Monomers career. There are links between the characters. John Proctor as Miller, and Elizabeth as his first wife Mary Clattery. Monroe is represented by Abigail, the woman he and also John Proctor, has an affair with.

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela - Former President of South Africa

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela - Former President of South Africa Date of birth: 18 July 1918, Mvezo, Transkei.Date of death: 5 December 2013, Houghton, Johannesburg, South Africa Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born on 18 July 1918 in the small village of Mvezo, on the Mbashe River, district of Umtata in Transkei, South Africa. His Father named him Rolihlahla, which means pulling the branch of the tree, or more colloquially troublemaker. The name Nelson was not given until his first day at school. Nelson Mandelas father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa, was the chief by blood and custom of Mvezo, a position confirmed by the paramount chief of the Thembu, Jongintaba Dalindyebo. Although the family is descended from Thembu royalty (one of Mandelas ancestors was paramount chief in the 18th century) the line had passed down to Mandela through lesser Houses, rather than through a line of potential succession. The clan name of Madiba, which is often used as a form of address for Mandela, comes from the ancestral chief. Until the advent of European domination in the region, chieftaincy of the Thembu (and other tribes of the Xhosa nation) was by patrimonial decent, with the first son of the major wife (known as the Great House) becoming automatic heir, and the first son of the second wife (the highest of the lessor wives, also known as the Right Hand House) being relegated to creating a minor chiefdom. The sons of the third wife (known as the Left Hand House) were destined to become advisors to the chief. Nelson Mandela was the son of the third wife, Noqaphi Nosekeni, and could have otherwise expected to become a royal advisor. He was one of thirteen children, and had three elder brothers all of whom were of higher rank. Mandelas mother was a Methodist, and Nelson followed in her footsteps, attending a Methodist missionary school. When Nelson Mandelas father died in 1930, the paramount chief, Jongintaba Dalindyebo, became his guardian. In 1934, a year during which he attended three month initiation school (during which he was circumcised), Mandela matriculated from Clarkebury Missionary school. Four years later he graduated from Healdtown, a strict Methodist college, and left to pursue higher education at the University of Fort Hare (South Africas first university college for Black Africans). It was here he first met his lifelong friend and associate Oliver Tambo. Both Nelson Mandela and Oliver Tambo were expelled from Fort Hare in 1940 for political activism. Briefly returning to Transkei, Mandela discovered that his guardian had arranged a marriage for him. He fled towards Johannesburg, where he obtained work as a night-watchman on a gold mine. Nelson Mandela moved into a house in Alexandra, a Black suburb of Johannesburg, with his mother. Here he met Walter Sisulu and Walters fiancà ©e Albertina. Mandela started working as a clerk in a law firm, studying in the evening through a correspondence course with the University of South Africa (now UNISA) to complete his first degree. He was awarded his Bachelors degree in 1941, and in 1942 he was articled to another firm of attorneys and started upon a law degree at the University of Witwatersrand. Here he worked with a study partner, Seretse Khama, who would later become the first president of an independent Botswana. In 1944 Nelson Mandela married Evelyn Mase, a cousin of Walter Sisulu. He also began his political career in earnest, joining the African National Congress, ANC. Finding the existing leadership of the ANC to be a dying order of pseudo-liberalism and conservatism, of appeasement and compromise., Mandela, along with Tambo, Sisulu, and a few others formed the African National Congress Youth League, ANCYL. In 1947 Mandela was elected as secretary of the ANCYL, and became a member of the Transvaal ANC executive. By 1948 Nelson Mandela had failed to pass the exams required for his LLB law degree, and he decided instead to settle for the qualifying exam which would allow him to practice as an attorney. When DF Malans Herenigde Nationale Party (HNP, Re-united National Party) won the 1948 election, Mandela, Tambo, and Sisulu acted. The existing ANC president was pushed out of office and someone more amenable to the ideals of the ANCYL was brought in as a replacement. Walter Sisulu proposed a programme of action, which was subsequently adopted by the ANC. Mandela was made president of the Youth League in 1951. Nelson Mandela opened his law office in 1952, and a few months later teamed up with Tambo to create the first Black legal practice in South Africa. It was difficult for both Mandela and Tambo to find time for both their legal practice and their political aspirations. That year Mandela became president of the Transvaal ANC, but was banned under the Suppression of Communism Act – he was prohibited from holding office within the ANC, banned from attending ANY meetings, and restricted to the district around Johannesburg. Fearing for the future of the ANC, Nelson Mandela and Oliver Tambo initiated the M-plan (M for Mandela). The ANC would be broken down into cells so that it could continue to operate, if necessary, underground. Under the banning order, Mandela was restricted from attending meeting, but he drove down to Kliptown in June 1955 to be part of the Congress of the People; and by keeping to the shadows and the periphery of the crowd, Mandela watched as the Freedom Charter was adopted by all the groups involved. His increasing involvement in the anti-Apartheid struggle, however, caused problems for his marriage and in December that year Evelyn left him, citing irreconcilable differences. On 5 December 1956, in response to the adoption of the Freedom Charter at the Congress of the People, the Apartheid government in South Africa arrested a total 156 people, including Chief Albert Luthuli (president of the ANC) and Nelson Mandela. This was almost the entire executive of the African National Congress (ANC), Congress of Democrats, South African Indian Congress, Coloured Peoples Congress, and the South African Congress of Trade Unions (collectively known as the Congress Alliance). They were charged with high treason and a countrywide conspiracy to use violence to overthrow the present government and replace it with a communist state. The punishment for high treason was death. The Treason Trial dragged on, until Mandela and his 29 remaining co-accused were finally acquitted in March 1961. During the Treason Trial Nelson Mandela met and married his second wife, Nomzamo Winnie Madikizela. The 1955 Congress of the People and its moderate stance against the policies of the Apartheid government eventually led to the younger, more radical members of the ANC to break away: the Pan Africanist Congress, PAC, was formed in 1959 under the leadership of Robert Sobukwe. The ANC and PAC became instant rivals, especially in the townships. This rivalry came to a head when the PAC rushed ahead of ANC plans to hold mass protests against the pass laws. On 21 March 1960 at least 180 black Africans were injured and 69 killed when the South African police opened fire on approximately demonstrators at Sharpeville. Both the ANC and PAC responded in 1961 by setting up military wings. Nelson Mandela, in what was a radical departure from ANC policy, was instrumental in creating the ANC group: Umkhonto we Sizwe (Spear of the Nation, MK), and Mandela became the MKs first commander. Both the ANC and PAC were banned by the South African government under the Unlawful Organisations Act in 1961. The MK, and the PACs Poqo, responded by commencing with campaigns of sabotage. In 1962 Nelson Mandela was smuggled out of South Africa. He first attended and addressed the conference of African nationalist leaders, the Pan-African Freedom Movement, in Addis Ababa. From there he went to Algeria to undergo guerrilla training, and then flew to London to catch up with Oliver Tambo (and also to meet members of the British parliamentary opposition). On his return to South Africa, Mandela was arrested and sentenced to five years for incitement and illegally leaving the country. On 11 July 1963 a raid was undertaken on Lilieslief farm in Rivonia, near Johannesburg, which was being used by the MK as headquarters. The remaining leadership of the MK was arrested. Nelson Mandela was included at trial with those arrested at Lilieslief and charged with over 200 counts of sabotage, preparing for guerrilla warfare in SA, and for preparing an armed invasion of SA. Mandela was one of five (out of the ten defendants) at the Rivonia Trail to be given life sentences and sent to Robben Island. Two more were released, and the remaining three escaped custody and were smuggled out of the country. At the end of his four hour statement to the court Nelson Mandela stated: During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die. These words are said to sum up the guiding principles by which he worked for liberation of South Africa. In 1976 Nelson Mandela was approached with an offer by Jimmy Kruger, the Minister for Police serving under President BJ Vorster, to renounce the struggle and settle in the Transkei. Mandela refused. By 1982 international pressure against the South African government to release Nelson Mandela and his compatriots was growing. The then South African president, PW Botha, arranged for Mandela and Sisulu to be transferred back to the mainland to Pollsmoor Prison, near Cape Town. In August 1985, approximately a month after the South African government declares a state of emergency, Mandela was taken to hospital for an enlarged prostate gland. On his return to Pollsmoor he was placed in solitary confinement (having a whole section of the jail to himself). In 1986 Nelson Mandela was taken to see the Minister of Justice, Kobie Coetzee, who requested once again that he renounce violence in order to win his freedom. Despite refusing, restrictions on Mandela were somewhat lifted: he was allowed visits from his family, and was even driven around Cape Town by the prison warder. In May 1988 Mandela was diagnosed with tuberculosis and moved to Tygerberg hospital for treatment. On release from hospital he was moved to secure quarters at Victor Verster Prison near Paarl. By 1989 things were looking bleak for the Apartheid regime: PW Botha had a stroke, and shortly after entertaining Mandela at the Tuynhuys, the presidential residence in Cape Town, he resigned. FW de Klerk was appointed as his successor. Mandela met with De Klerk in December 1989, and the following year at the opening of parliament (2 February) De Klerk announced the unbanning of all political parties and the release of political prisoners (except those guilty of violent crimes). On 11 February 1990 Nelson Mandela was finally released. By 1991 the Convention for a Democratic South Africa, CODESA, was set up to negotiate constitutional change in South Africa. Both Mandela and De Klerk were key figures in the negotiations, and their efforts were jointly awarded in December 1993 with the Nobel Peace Prize. When South Africas first multi-racial elections were held in April 1994, the ANC won a 62% majority. (Mandela revealed later that he was worried that it would achieve the 67% majority that would allow it to re-write the constitution.) A Government of National Unity, GNU, was formed – based on an idea proffered by Joe Slovo, the GNU could last for up to five years as a new constitution was drawn up. It was hoped that this would allay the fears of South Africas whites population suddenly faced with majority Black rule. On 10 May 1994 Nelson Mandela made his inaugural presidential speech from the Union Building, Pretoria: We have at last, achieved our political emancipation. we pledge ourselves to liberate all our people from the continuing bondage of poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender, and other discrimination. Never, never, and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another... Let freedom reign. God Bless Africa! Shortly after he published his autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom. In 1997 Nelson Mandela stepped down as leader of the ANC in favour of Thabo Mbeki, and in 1999 he relinquished the post of president. Despite claims to have retired, Mandela continues to have a busy life. He was divorced from Winnie Madikizela-Mandela in 1996, the same year that the press realised he was having a relationship with Graà §a Machel, the widow of Mozambiques former president. After heavy prompting by Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Nelson Mandela and Graà §a Machel were married on his eightieth birthday, 18 July 1998. This article first went live on 15 August 2004.

Mayfly by Kevin Canty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mayfly by Kevin Canty - Essay Example James’ character appears to be a hard driven man in his mid thirties who is not quite sure about the direction which his life is taking and seems to be unsure whether he is satisfied or not. Molly is James’ girlfriend and takes the role of a delicate soul with a penchant for al things living seen by the way she is affected by the butterflies on the highway (Canty). She is a writer who is enthusiastic about taking care of herself seen by her sobriety and vegan diet but she also loves to express herself seen by the type of work that she does (writing) as well as her liking of tattoos. Sam is James’ old friend from college and comes out as a semi-irresponsible father and husband who nonetheless, appears to be doing fine financialy depicted by the description of his house and lifestyle (Canty). He also comes off as having an adulterous aspect about him although this is not confirmed and is taken from a number of clues that come out in the story. Jenny is a mother of three and Sam’s wife. She comes out as a tired figure in need of support from her husband that does not appear to be forthcoming. There is a sense of resentment around her in terms of her marriage to Sam, and it seems that she has resigned herself to the hand that fate has dealt her though she is not pleased with it. The story is told from James’ point of view, and this has an influence on the shaping of the story’s focus. By seeing things from James’ point of view, the reader is able to experience the various moods and emotions that he goes through via the thoughts that run through his head and this help’s focus the view of the rest of the group from an external perspective. The doubts that James has over his relationship with Molly and the activities between his girlfriend and Sam when they go on their trip is derived from the perspective that James has on the status of his relationship. The appearance of Jenny is told from James’ eyes as well including the experiences she has been through. This helps the story to focus on the main character who is James even when the topic is about somebody else. Reading the story from James’ point of view also allows the reader to get inside the main character’s head and depicts the way he thinks and looks at issues from his objective. For example, James lack of guilt after his midnight rendezvous with Jenny may not have been depicted had the story been told from another perspective. (Canty) The significance of the Monarchs in the opening scenes can be said to be used in the provision of the setting for the reader, a means with which to describe the scene as it were. The sheer number of insects and their death on the windscreen of James car provides a somewhat gloomy setting which can also be said to have been used to project the mood of the two characters (James and Molly) in the opening scenes (Canty). The butterflies can also be said to have been used to demonstrat e Molly’s care for living creatures as she insists on stopping when she realizes what is happening to them. The fact that she cares about something as small as a butterfly that she could be moved to tears goes a long way in portraying her character (Canty). The monarchs and butterflies in their travels towards the north can also be used to depict both James (the monarch) and Molly (the butterfly) in their journey together in life with the car’s windshield portraying the potential hazards they might come across while trying to keep their relationship alive. The mayflies can be seen to represent the cycle of life and the inevitable eventuality of our actions that are bound to be repeated when one is placed

Gender Dynamics of Men and Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gender Dynamics of Men and Women - Essay Example Moreover, new insights about the importance of genders are also discussed in the article. Obviously the writer has knowledge about animal behaviors and Matt Ridley seems to take special interest in animals to explain his point. His first argument questions if men are necessary at all. If the reason for their existence is for evolution purposes, then, they probably are as unimportant as males are in some animal families. â€Å"Whiptail lizards are an all male species. Various fish, crustaceans, insects, and worms can reproduce without the male sex† (Ridley, 225), he notes. This implies that if there are animals which are able to reproduce without males, then it should be possible for humans, too. The author then goes to cite the fact that there can now be virgin births through the help of science and technology. Therefore, the argument that males are necessary for reproduction is not anymore a convincing reason for their existence. Females can maintain human life without males. The second argument Ridley presents is the probability that men exist because women invented it. This may be a ridiculous idea which could get a lot of reactions from readers but the author expounds his considerations through humorous manners that it is rather entertaining than infuriating. He cites the example of the female elephant seal which chooses the strong and evil male to father her babies who might be killed by their own father as he tramples them underfoot. Ridley says, â€Å"-females are responsible for these. It is their fault because they have been allowing victors of battles to win their hearts for thousands of generations† (227). He then ends his argument with a neutral note that if women invented men, likewise, men invented women. That is, how women look at males suggests how men should be- big muscles, good looks, etc. On the other hand, sexy women with swollen breasts, small waist and big hips are what define women as suggested by the males. The ideas in th e article could be sensitive to some readers, seemingly attacking the males, suggesting that they are not needed in the modern world if the only reason for their existence is evolution. However, it is written with humorous insights which balance the issue. To some degree, this could be true. Still, males would counteract that there could be no source of semen when they get extinct. This may lead to a wider scope of the debate. Nevertheless, to stick with the article, let it be said by this author that males may sure be unimportant these days considering Ridley’s argument but child-bearing would not be as wonderful as it is without sex. Sure, there are always ways to get that excitement of love-making but I believe nothing beats that which one gets with the opposite sex. On the making of the woman and man, I strongly agree that somehow, we have created what men and women are: their roles, looks, and uses. For generations, women were known to be child-bearers, caretakers and ho usekeepers. With the rise of feminism, liberalism and fight for equality, more desirable women were created- the modern woman who has an education, culture, high-paying job, with good looks and figure. Men and women were probably created equal- equally beautiful and necessary, but we have drawn the line that separates males and females and in an ironic way, Ridley questioned the necessity of the existence of males. The Failure of Feminism on the other hand has a serious tone, almost angry in expressing the ideas presented. The article is written by Phyllis

Symbiotic Relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Symbiotic Relationship - Essay Example Essentially, this relationship puts emphasis on giving equal effort, since the long-term survival of the above relation leads to both parties surveillance. Coen narrates that ascoglossan placida is herbivorous algae and weakens the abundance and existence of placida on codium. Hitherto, here the placida is an example of a crustacean that protects the codium from predation, hence, symbiotic relation. Eventually this leads to more production of the algae since it reduces the predation of placida on the algae. Ultimately, the algae get protection from placida. Notably, he argues that even though ascoglossanas predates on the seaweeds, molluscan acts as a conservative factor and undergoes stimulation by the non-food algae. Amusingly, polyps cannot move away from their home, which is limestone, and so they feed stagnantly during the night. Zooxanthellae are water algae that live in the tissues of polyps, and usually use the available sunlight to make food. Surprisingly, the shape of coral s results in their surrounding (Coen, 1988). Strong or even weak waves can deform corals’ shape. Eventually, the rising of the coral forms a lagoon, which will fall forming a toll, which becomes molluscan shelter. Glynn, in his book entitled â€Å"Herbivore by crabs and the control of algal epibionts on Caribbean host corals† is herein concerned with how corals provided shelter to crustaceans. That epiphytes provides shelter by giving a cool and moist microhabitat in the presence of low tides in the sea. As much as providing of shelter is met, this epiphyte has many branches that provide security to the small slugs, hence, safe from predation (Glynn, 1983).Anemones, which are sea inhabitants, do relate with the corals. Anemone fishes relate symbiotically with the clownfish whereby the tentacles of the anemone make a good refuge with the fishes in conjunction with its eggs. On the other hand, anemone fishes behave as scare parasites, like butterfly fishes, from their ho st (Lassig, 1977). Moreover, bryozoans usually encrust the reefs by cementing the reefs using their branching colonies on the skeleton of the reefs. A variety of worms, like the polychaetes and the flatworms, find a good home in the reef. Furthermore, crevices in the reef make a critical home for flatworms. Ecosystems consisting of reefs form a diverse environment that inhibits different species collectively. Similarly, Stachowicz puts emphasis on the same shelter relationship and briefs that the ascoglossan’s gets the benefit of refuge and so gets shelter from the epiphytes (Stachowicz, 1999). Stier notes that red snapping shrimps, alphes armatus and the bartholomea annulata have a good symbiotic nature whereby the bartholomea annulata although habitats in shallow water mutual relationship is essential. Since the b.annulata have powerful jaws, they tend to scare the predators against cnidarians, while on the other hand the cnidarians provide shelter to shrimps. Apparently, a well-known example of the crustaceans is the shrimps and the crabs. The mechanism that the crustacean has for protection over its predators is as below: skeleton, which is very hard and has the name carapace, is primarily the organism’s body armor. This keeps away hungry predators that have the ability to bite on them. Periodically, moult phase is the only time that crustacean may be exposable to attack. Lobsters and crabs have a set of gigantic pincers that protect them from predators. In addition, the lobster has a tough biting claw that usually protects it from other animals’ attack, human being inclusive. Stachowicz, J.J narrates the relationship of the Alpheus lotteni with the corals pocillopora damicornis. Symbiosis relationship here is evident as

The Daylesford Organic Farm Concept Essay Example for Free

The Daylesford Organic Farm Concept Essay Hello, everyone. Today I will be discussing the prospect of an organic farm-based business that I feel would be very beneficial for our company. To begin, I would like to talk about an already successful business based on the organic farm concept that is present in the United Kingdom. The name of this business is Daylesford and its purpose for this discussion is to look at it as somewhat of a template as to what our eventual business can be. First, we should take a look at a brief overview of the Daylesford Organic Farm concept. According to author Gwenda Brophy (2004), Daylesford Farm was first opened in 2002 by Sir Anthony and Lady Bamford with the purpose of selling different kinds of produce that had come from their estate (para. 13). The Bamford’s farm had already been growing organic produce for a good while prior to the opening of the business and had been selling it on the open market. As time went on, it only made sense to progress this on to a more direct outlet (para. 14). Brophy (2004) stated that it is very important for many people to know where their food comes from and as such the level of quality control is closely monitored by the Bamfords as they are directly involved in the entire organic process. Some of the examples of what is done by the Bamfords include growing their own wheat, carrying out the milling process and baking much of their own bread (para. 14). In addition to the organic produce that is offered by Daylesford, the shop also has a cafà © where customers can enjoy anything from a cup of tea to an organic steak. The Bamfords’ plan has been to continue to introduce new products as often as possible and although organic products are what Daylesford is known for, not every product is organic. Above all, the most important element to Daylesford’s products, organic or non-organic, is that they all maintain the same high level of quality (para. 19). Brophy (2004) notes that Daylesford is a traditional farm shop at its core but with both its non-wealthy and wealthy customers, catering to customers’ needs and the way the shop is styled is critical to its success (para. 16). In marketing the Daylesford concept, the shop has generally relied on word of mouth but has also been a presence with many charitable and community events (para. 17). Potential Market Segment Next, it is important that the target market for our organic-based business is identified. There are many factors here to consider when marketing our organic products to the consumer. Authors Bellows, Diamond, Hallman and Onyango (2008) noted that studies have linked organic purchases to consumers with perceived attributes that include taste, freshness, quality, safety and health (para. 7). In terms of the socio-economic characteristics of the organic consumer, research has shown that they are likely to have had a high education of college or above, are urban dwellers, have a high income, are younger consumers in age and predominantly female. The research on what motivates the organic consumer to purchase organic products reveals that the private benefits relating to food consumption are more important than the knowledge of the public benefits regarding organic farming. Essentially, it is more important to the consumer to purchase these products for the taste, freshness, convenience and health than out of concern for the environment as organic farming helps in reducing water pollution and protecting natural habitats (para. 8). In addition to the variables just mentioned, Dr. Deacue Fields also states that in determining the target market for organic produce and products, approximately 72% of consumers are classified as Generation X and Y while 69% of them are classified as Baby Boomers. In regards to income, more specifically, 35% of people considered as organic consumers earn more than $50,000 as opposed to the non-organic consumer which comprises a total of 30%. Finally, taking into account the geographic location of the common organic consumer, the majority of them are concentrated in the Western and Midwestern regions of the United States (â€Å"Marketing†, 2011). I think you will find that all of these elements combined will be of great help in  targeting our potential market for organic products. The Value Proposition Now, I would like to discuss the benefits that our organic-based business will offer to our target customers. First, as far as the functional benefits are concerned, one of the key factors is that organic produce offers the consumer a healthier option when it comes to one’s eating habits. In regards to chemicals, organic produce refrains from using any kind of synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, fungicides, herbicides or synthetic preservatives and additives. As such, the amounts of hazardous residues within organic foods are basically restricted to the lowest amount (â€Å"Organic†, n.d.). In terms of emotional benefits, our organic business can provide the good feeling that customers will have knowing they are choosing a much healthier alternative when consuming our foods. Studies and research that included a series of scientific experiments have shown that many organic foods such as dairy, fruits and vegetables contain a higher level of antioxidants, approximately up to 40% more than non-organic foods. These antioxidants help greatly in minimizing the rates of natural chemical oxidation of body cells therefore supporting healthier organs. Further studies have also confirmed that these antioxidants are very effective regarding heart-promotion (â€Å"Organic†, n.d.). All of these factors combined will contribute to the emotional feeling that our customers will have about themselves and the choices that they are making. Finally, I would like to address the self-expressive benefits of what our business can provide. These benefits can come about as a result of the image that our consumers display of themselves to others including friends, family, co-workers and acquaintances. The good feeling that our consumers already have regarding their health choices and purchasing our products can be reflected upon these other individuals. This will potentially allow us to draw in more customers as they are introduced to our business and the healthier and tastier products that we provide. Conclusion In summary, I think you will find the potential of an organic business in  the vein of Daylesford to be very beneficial to our company. With the increase that has occurred in the number of individuals opting for a healthier lifestyle within recent years, now is the perfect opportunity for our company to take part in this venture. As we have seen, the market for this type of business is large and growing and with our unique skills and techniques, we can provide a service that is equally as successful here in the United States. References Bellows, A. C., Diamond, A., Hallman, W. K., Onyango, B. (2008). Understanding consumer interest in organics: Production values vs. purchasing behavior. Journal of Agricultural Food Industrial Organization, 6(1), 1-31. Retrieved from http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.proxy.devry.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=af0e28a8-a1aa-4bea-b2d5-41190f879738%40sessionmgr112vid=15hid=120 Brophy, G. (2004, Mar 27). Down on the farm shop: Country living: Gwenda brophy visits two very different variations on a rural staple and finds common ground. Financial Times. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/249488024?accountid=44759 Fields, D. (2011). Marketing organic products. [Data file]. Retrieved from http://www.tuskegee.edu/sites/www/Uploads/files/About%20US/TUCEP/Organic%20Farming%20Training/Marketing%20of%20Organic%20farming.pdf Organic food and benefits. (n.d.). [Data file]. Retrieved from http://www.english.umd.edu/sites/default/files/interpolations/pdf/dong.pdf

Why I Think They Should Legalize Pot :: essays research papers

Why I Think They Should Legalize Pot By Hagbard Celine There has recently been lots of contreversy over whether they should legalize marijuana, or not. I think they should, and there is lots of important evidence and reasons to support this. If drugs were legalized, this country would be a much nicer place to inhabit and for this reason and others, the government should stop cracking down on harmless pot users. Here are the reasons why weed should be legalized in the United States: First, our prisons are so full of drug users like harmless pot smokers and such that we do not have any place to stick real criminals. A friend of my brother's was killed by a drunk driver about three years ago when he went off to college. The guy who did it got community service time, and a year without his liscense. This is not justice, and changes need to be made. We can't throw every little pot head in jail just because they like grass. After all, it's not like it's cocaine or something, which should still be illegal. Second, marijuana is not even as bad as some of the stuff that's legal. You are more in control of your senses than when trashed, and not nearly as violent. Nobody has ever died directly from getting stoned. Smoking a joint is not as likely to cause cancer as a cigarette, and weed isn't addictive. In fact, there are very little bad sides to smoking marijuana. It doesn't even burn your throat as much when you smoke it in a bong as do cigarettes. Thirdly, if the price of pot went down quite a bit, then there would be no crime because of it. Pot would be very good for our economy, and pot farmers would make lots of money. It's easy to grow, hence the nickname "weed." And the price would drop so much that a dime bag would be a penny bag, and a 100-

How Does Arthur Miller Create Tension? Essay

The Crucible is a ‘semi-fictional metaphor,’ as Miller described it himself, based upon the real life events that occurred in the United States after World War II. Using accurate historical accounts, the play is set during the 1692 Salem Witchcraft Trials when several young girls accuse innocent town members of witchcraft to avoid getting into trouble for participating in witchcraft themselves. The husbands of some of the women involved try to convince the judges of the girls’ deceit, but find them hard to break, to say the least. Eventually even the most prominent members of the community find themselves under threat, and the tension mounts, and the small town becomes a circle of lies, fear, and hypocritical accusations. John Proctor, a local man of much respect and authority, must confess to his adultery with the young nai ve Abigail in order to save his own wife from being hanged. Proctor is given the chance to save his own life by confessing to witchery and naming names, but chooses to die rather than betray his friends and fellow villagers. The play was written shortly after the Second World War, in 1953. Still showing today, it remains one of the most popular politically based plots of the twentieth century. Many say this is due to the complexity of the many characters involved; some say it’s the relevance to today’s American political policies; however, in my opinion, the Crucible manages to keep theatre lovers going back for more time and time again with the nail biting scenes that keep the audience on the edge of their seats. But how does he create this atmosphere? That is the question I hope to answer in this essay – How does Arthur Miller create tension? A crucible is a container in which metals are heated to extract the pure element from dross or impurities. This definition is very easily connected to the play. For instance, witches are traditionally said to use cauldrons to brew their magical potions and what not, and a synonym for cauldron is crucible. Not only do witches use cauldrons, but the word crucible also could have some metaphorical meaning. The actions in Salem were like that of a brewing cauldron, there were many heated arguments, and people were being ‘stirred’ and ‘mixed’ around like a vile potion.

Eddie’s life Essay

Eddie is showing that he is faithful to his duties as a husband by showing consideration towards Beatrice. This would show Eddie as a better man because despite Beatrice disobeying Eddie by wanting to go the wedding, Eddie still cares for her as a wife. Beatrice: (very nervous and agitated) Why don’t you go to the kitchen and get some coffee. Beatrice is giving a sign to the audience as well as Eddie that something is wrong because at this time the audience also don’t know that it is Marco who is approaching the house. Also, usually in a Sicilian household a wife would make coffee for the husband so Beatrice’s behaviour is odd. Eddie: Look, I don’t want no coffee. Now tell me what’s the matter B. (Eddie gets up to approach B but then looks at the window and sees Marco approaching the front door) that scum, lemme at him (he rushes past Beatrice and through the door to the porch). The first sentence is grammatically incorrect which shows the dialect these characters speak in. The Carbone family are an uneducated and working class family, which says that perhaps Eddie is not the tragic hero in this play. Usually ‘heroes’ are people of importance like ‘Macbeth’ who was ‘Thane of Cawdor’. Beatrice: Come on Eddie, calm down. If you hurt him, you’ll be in an even worse position than you’re in now (Eddie seems to be considering Beatrice’s words) This shows Beatrice’s practicality and care for Eddie (Marco enters first. Rodolfo and Catherine follow, holding hands) Eddie: (extremely angry tone of voice) You dirty rat. You have made my life a living nightmare. Marco: You brought it on yourself. First, you humiliate my brother and then you steal food from my children! Where I come from you wouldn’t be living to experience this misery. (About to lunge on Eddie) This emphasises how different the Italian way of life is. This is similar to Miller’s script when Marco says ‘in my country he would be dead now’. I included this dialogue by Marco because it brings out the theme of law and justice in the play. It shows that for once Marco is unable to adapt to the American way of life. Justice and law however are not the same thing and the conflict between them runs throughout the play. From previous work I found out that in 1920’s America, law was not fully abided by the American people. Miller gave the role of the chorus to a lawyer to demonstrate this. Alfieri is telling us of gangsters, the Sicilian past and a people unwillingly accepting the law at the beginning of the play to show this. The fact that this play evolves around illegal immigrants also shows how much the law was really believed in. This dialogue from Marco also shows the theme of loyalty. .Alfieri talks about gangsters in the opening speech, which immediately leads the audience to think of the Mafia. The Mafia is greatly involved in business as well as organised crime. ‘Family’ members are protected; enemies or those who let down the family are treated pitilessly. These views are constantly emphasised throughout the play. When we first meet Marco he shows himself powerful by his actions rather than his words. He is very modest and almost all his conversation is dominated by the wish not to cause trouble- ‘when you say go, we will go’. He thanks people frequently, he quietens his younger brother, he refuses food and he wonders if they can accommodate him for the time being in such a small house. This is why he only has one speech to say in the whole of my script because as I have said before Marco is powerful by his actions rather than his words. From his actions here we can see he is still calm, and able to control his feelings because his tone is calm but then he ‘lunges’ at Eddie which shows that Marco is only human. Marco has been able to control his anger in previous scenes, for example when he held the chair over Eddie’s head but the fact that he lunged first shows how much anger he actually feels. In my ending Marco is a lot calmer, he didn’t directly invite Eddie to fight with him like in Miller’s ending: ‘Eddie Carbone’, ‘Anima-a-a-l’. I think my ending gives more power to Marco because Eddie sounds as though he is going insane because his life has been made ‘a misery’. It also shows Eddie as less cowardly because we can see how much Eddie has been affected by what Marco said before. Also the calm appearance of Marco shows he has control and hasn’t been driven crazy by all the events that have happened. Both Eddie and Marco have feelings of injustice. Eddie has his strongest feeling of injustice when Rodolfo arrives which is one of the causes of the rivalry between him and Marco. Eddie dislikes Rodolfo so teases and humiliates him, which causes Marco to humiliate Eddie. Eddie has been a father to Catherine all her life and â€Å"gave her the food out of his mouth†. He paid money to her so that she would meet a better class of people and there are subtle hints that he is attracted to her as well. He is justified to feel jealous and spiteful towards Rodolfo when he comes over from Italy and wins Catherine’s heart. He feels betrayed by Catherine that she has suddenly run off and lives her own life (this also could be attributed to his fear of Catherine growing up, and that she is not his little baby anymore. ) In his extreme anxiety he betrays them to the immigration bureau. In doing this he has also betrayed a neighbour’s cousins as well as Marco who is trying to make money to save his family. Not only has he betrayed his family he has betrayed himself and his word of honour, which means so much in the Italian culture, and to Eddie himself. Eddie’s own words were,† You can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word you gave away. † Eddie has betrayed his own beliefs, and lost the respect of his whole community and his honour. The community has turned against Eddie, who ignored Alfieri’s words of warning: â€Å"You won’t have a friend in the world, Eddie! Even those who understand will turn against you,† Marco publicly denounces Eddie as a murderer, because Eddie has denied him the possibility to work in America to provide for his starving family’s desperate needs. It is Marco that is his opponent now, not Rodolfo, because Marco has taken Eddie’s name and honour. It is Marco’s belief that he has the right to take revenge and it is his duty to do so for the sake of his family. He cannot see why according to American law Eddie goes unpunished, â€Å"In my country he would be dead now. † In Italy the law was not all in a book and justice was more to do with feelings and emotions. Eddie is inevitably going to be merciless opposition when he demands ‘his namei back. The two men have basically the same beliefs and values, and after this head-on collision death is inevitable, because both men believe they are in the right and have gone too far to be able to give any ground or compromise. It is all or nothing. Marco has already ‘tried settling for half’ but Eddie hasn’t so Eddie’s death is the inevitable consequence of the play. Marco and Eddie are quite similar because they are both driven by their belief in a code of behaviour, in traditional standards of right and wrong. At the start of the play Eddie worries about Beatrice and Catherine not understanding the power of the United States immigration Bureau and then he launches into the Vinny Bolanzo story, which is a premonition of Eddie’s own story ‘Like Vinny Bolanzo†¦ you can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word that you gave away’, it a short line but is of major significance. It is Eddie who speaks the line that later relates to his own dishonour and the loss of his good name: Before Eddie calls the immigration bureau, he goes to Alfieri for advice. The use of lighting is very important here because we are distracted from Alfieri’s final words by the light rising on the telephone box. Alfieri questions perfunctorily, but we know that the law has nothing to offer Eddie and the most important speech of Alfieri’s actually spells out natural moral law: ‘The law is only a word for what has a right to happen’ Rodolfo: (jumps in between Eddie and Marco to stop them from fighting) Look, Eddie I am sorry, OK. It is my fault; I should have asked your permission before I take Catherine out. How about we all go to the wedding together, eh? (He offers to shake Eddie’s hand but Eddie ignores him and pushes him out of the way) This intervention from Rodolfo shows another important theme running throughout the play- honour. Honour must be maintained; that is the inevitable outcome of the feelings to family contained in this play. Eddie has many reasons to justify his dislike in Rodolfo. He thinks Rodolfo is gay but it is also the opinions of others, which causes him to dislike Rodolfo. For example when Mike and Louis make fun of Rodolfo, it is an insult to Eddie and his family. Beatrice: Eddie, he apologises to you! Eddie: I don’t care; he wasn’t the one who stole my name! Eddie’s sense of justice and fairness motivated him a lot in reporting Marco and Rodolfo to the immigration bureau. At the beginning this was positive for instance he thought he had to let Marco and Rodolfo stay because it was the right thing to do: †Then what the hell. It’s an honour’ B. , I mean it. I was just thinkin’ before, comin’ home, suppose my father did not come to this country, and I was starvin’ like them over there. And I had people in America who could keep me a couple of months? The man would be honoured to lend me a place to sleep†. This shows his family loyalty at the beginning of the play but towards the end his sense of justice and fairness seem to get lost. When he says this line it shows that he only cares about his ‘name’. This is similar to miller’s ending in that he refuses the apology from Rodolfo but seeks revenge from Marco. Eddie has almost made himself believe that he hasn’t done anything wrong which is shown here. Marco didn’t actually ‘steal’ Eddie’s name but juts told the truth. It was Eddie who ‘stole food from my (Marco’s) children’s mouth’ Catherine: (runs up to the porch after Marco) Why did you do it Eddie, why? Catherine again shows her naivety and that she was unaware of what she has done to Eddie. It also shows the audience that she probably wasn’t ‘walking wavy’ In my ending Catherine doesn’t really play a part in raising the tension like she did in Miller’s ending. I did this because I wanted to show Catherine as a scared little girl like she was in the beginning of the play. This would also give the impression to the reader that she did have feelings for Eddie. This would create more sympathy for Eddie, when he dies. Eddie: (weakening, he takes a look at Rodolfo and then at Catherine) Oh Katie. I can’t take this no more. I’m sorry. I never meant for this to happen. (Eddie rushes on to the street and jumps into his car and drives away) Here Eddie finally apologises for what he has done but not directly to Marco, as this would not show his proud personality. He does however finally admit he made a mistake, which shows him as a better person and makes his tragic death more distressing for the audience. This play doesn’t have any scenes or sequences, which are played off-scene so it may be difficult to bring a car onto the stage. Alfieri: (Alfieri is lit up and is in the centre of the stage. While Alfieri is saying his soliloquy, Beatrice, Rodolfo and Catherine look over the bridge. Beatrice is weeping and so is Catherine. ) The last anyone ever saw of Eddie was from the bridge. Most of the time we settle for half but not this time. I know he was wrong but he allowed himself to be completely known and so I will miss him greatly. This shows how Eddie was not able to ‘settle for half’ which was what led Eddie to his death. This speech of Alfieri’s is quite similar to Miller’s speech because I think it gives a summary of Eddie’s life.